移民局修改 F/J/M 簽證非法停留的計算方式
掃一掃,隨時看
根據移民最新消息來看,F/J/M簽證一旦失效,第二天起算非法停留。而且修改 F/J/M 留學生和訪問學者簽證非法停留的計算方式,從2018年8月9日生效。對于計算的方式以下文章內容為大家詳細的做一個介紹。
我在《簽證延期被拒在美國逾期逗留的后果和注意事項》里解釋過,I-94 過期后你的 legal status 自動結束,是為逾期逗留(overstay);然而,只要你沒有其他違反身份的行為,并及時遞交延期或轉換身份申請,案件還在 pending,那么你并不是非法停留(unlawful presence)。
區分這兩個概念的意義在于:unlawful presence 有明確的禁令。根據 INA section 212(a)(9)(B)(i),非法停留180天以上,3年內禁止入境;非法停留365天以上,10年內禁止入境。
舊政策:F/J/M 身份失效之后,比如 I-94 過期、或沒有明確日期限制的 D/S 身份在學業結束之后繼續在美國逗留,是 overstay;只有在國土安全部正式認定你違反了身份規定(DHS made a formal finding of violation of nonimmigrant status)、或移民法官命令驅逐、遞解出境之后,才開始計算性質更為嚴重的 unlawful presence。
新政策:F/J/M 身份失效之后即自動按 unlawful presence 計算。
只要沒有其他違反身份的情形,學業結束之后仍然有寬限期 -- 畢竟收拾行李買機票什么的都要時間的好吧 -- 在此期間的停留不算 unlawful presence。USCIS 原文:
Foreign students (F nonimmigrant) generally do not accrue unlawful presence in certain situations, including but are not limited to: [...] During any additional grace period as permitted under 8 CFR 214.2(f)(5)(iv) to prepare for departure:
- 60 days following completion of a course of study and any authorized practical training;
- 15 days if the designated school official (DSO) authorized the withdrawal from classes (SEVIS termination reason: authorized early withdrawal); or
- No grace period if the F-1 nonimmigrant failed to maintain a full course of study without the approval of the DSO or otherwise failed to maintain status).
M/J 身份也有同樣的規定。
另外,只要在身份未過期之前及時提交了延期或轉換身份,并且不是無理取鬧(non-frivolous),那么案件 pending 期間不視為 unlawful presence。不過,若此類申請未及時提交(即:提交時身份已經過期),或申請被視為無理取鬧、或非法工作,那么即使有 pending case,仍然是 unlawful presence。
USCIS 原文如下:
(3) Aliens Present in Unlawful Status Who Do Not Accrue Unlawful Presence by Virtue of USCIS Policy for Purposes of Sections 212(a)(9)(B) and (C)(i)(I) of the Act
* * *
(D) Nonimmigrants – Effect of a Decision on the Request for Extension of Status (EOS) or Change of Status (COS) on Unlawful Presence
The following information pertains to applications requesting EOS or COS, or petitions that include requests for EOS or COS.
(i) Approved Requests
* * *
(ii) Denials Based on Frivolous Filings or Unauthorized Employment
If a request for EOS or COS is denied because it was frivolous or because the alien engaged in unauthorized employment, the EOS or COS application does not protect the alien from accruing unlawful presence. The alien accrues unlawful presence as outlined in Chapter 40.9.2(b)(1)(E), Lawful Nonimmigrants.
(iii) Denials of Untimely Applications
If a request for EOS or COS is denied because it was not timely filed, the EOS or COS application does not protect the alien from accruing unlawful presence. The alien accrues unlawful presence as outlined in Chapter 40.9.2(b)(1)(E), Lawful Nonimmigrants.
(iv) Denials for Cause of Timely Filed, Non-Frivolous Applications for EOS or COS
* * *
這個備忘錄剛發布,已經有焦急的讀者提問了。比如這兩位:
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